Changsha has a rich history. It was joined to Yellow River Valley since the period of primitive society, and became one of the earlier place of civilization of South River, where one part of long civilization of China rooted. It has been inhabited for 3000 years, and by the recordable Warring States (Zhan Guo) Period (453-221 BC), the city had already grown up to large size. 

Ever since the Spring and Autumn Warring States Periods (770-221 BC), metallurgy, lacquer work, and textile handicrafts have flourished in Changsha. Another industry that flourished, and perhaps that which was most responsible for the city's development was that of agriculture.

The fertile Hunan plains of central China yielded enormous harvests, which were then bought and sold in Changsha. During the Song Dynasty (11th Century AD), the city became known as an important educational center. A large wall was built that encircled the city, parts of which still exist today.

In 1904, Changsha was opened as a foreign trade port. During World War II, the city suffered tremendous damage, and until the establishment of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, the city lay in ruin. By 1952, the rebuilding of the city had begun, and important industrial construction was underway.

After many years of effort, now Changsha has become the political, economic, cultural and technological center of Hunan province, as well as one of the most prosperous cities in China. 

In addition, the city is best known for its links with Mao Zedong, the founder of People's Republic of China, who was educated and worked as a teacher in the city and from where he organized local peasant uprisings in the 1920's. There are many places to visit for those seeking an insight into the life of the young Mao and other revolutionary leaders in the city.